- For a high number of theoretical stages per unit height
- Vacuum from 1 mbar to high pressure applications
- Monomers from plastics (MDI, DMT, etc.)
- Fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters
- Mono, di, tri, and tetra-ethylene glycols
- Pharmaceutical products (vitamins, etc.)
- Fragrances (menthol, geraniol, etc.)
- Separations of mixed isomers
- Fine chemicals
Key characteristics
- Large number of theoretical stages
- In vacuum from 1 mbar to atmospheric pressure
- Where minimum pressure drop per theoretical stage is important
- Low overall height
- Batch and continuous columns
- Pilot columns (reliable scale-up)
Key characteristics
Suitability
Of only limited suitability for
- Fouling substances that form deposits
- Non-wetting liquids (e.g. reduced NTSM with water)
